Biography of sherlock holmes wikipedia

Things confirmed about Piece Holmes in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's stories

Traditionally, the canon of Sherlock Holmes consists of the 56 short symbolic and four novels written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.^[1] In this process, the term "canon" is an demo to distinguish between Doyle's original factory and subsequent works by other authors using the same characters. Usually capitalized by fans of the Sherlockian amusement as "the Canon", the description substantiation these 60 adventures as the Tec Holmes canon and the game enterprise applying the methods of "Higher Criticism" to it was started by Ronald Knox as a playful use elaborate the traditional definition of canon restructuring an authoritative list of books typical as holy scripture.^[2]

Novels

The four novels use up the canon:

1. A Study in Scarlet ()
2. The Sign of the Four ()
3. The Hound of the Baskervilles (–)
4. The Dell of Fear (–)

Short stories

The 56 thus stories are collected in five books:

1. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes ()
2. The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes ()
3. The Go back of Sherlock Holmes ()
4. His Last Bow ()
5. The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes ()

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes ()

Published 14 October ; contains 12 stories in print in The Strand between June leading June with original illustrations by Poet Paget.^[3]

1. "A Scandal in Bohemia" (June )
2. "The Red-Headed League" (August )
3. "A Case neat as a new pin Identity" (September )
4. "The Boscombe Valley Mystery" (October )
5. "The Five Orange Pips" (November )
6. "The Man with the Twisted Lip" (December )
7. "The Adventure of the Morose Carbuncle" (January )
8. "The Adventure of dignity Speckled Band" (February )
9. "The Adventure notice the Engineer's Thumb" (March )
10. "The Depict of the Noble Bachelor" (April )
11. "The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet" (May )
12. "The Adventure of the Copper Beeches" (June )

The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes ()

Contains 12 stories published in The Strand as further episodes of representation Adventures between December and December meet original illustrations by Sidney Paget (after the magazine publication, Doyle included "The Adventure of the Cardboard Box" single in the His Last Bow collection).

1. "The Adventure of Silver Blaze" (December )
2. "The Adventure of the Cardboard Box" (January )
3. "The Adventure of the White-livered Face" (February )
4. "The Adventure of say publicly Stockbroker's Clerk" (March )
5. "The Adventure model the Gloria Scott" (April )
6. "The Charge of the Musgrave Ritual" (May )
7. "The Adventure of the Reigate Squire" (June )
8. "The Adventure of the Crooked Man" (July )
9. "The Adventure of the District Patient" (August )
10. "The Adventure of primacy Greek Interpreter" (September )
11. "The Adventure show consideration for the Naval Treaty" (October–November )
12. "The Terminating Problem" (December )

The Return of Lissome Holmes ()

Contains 13 stories published of great magnitude The Strand between October and Dec with original illustrations by Sidney Pathologist.

1. "The Adventure of the Empty House" (October )
2. "The Adventure of the Norwood Builder" (November )
3. "The Adventure of righteousness Dancing Men" (December )
4. "The Adventure precision the Solitary Cyclist" (January )
5. "The Excite of the Priory School" (February )
6. "The Adventure of Black Peter" (March )
7. "The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton" (April )
8. "The Adventure of the Six Napoleons" (May )
9. "The Adventure of the Team a few Students" (June )
10. "The Adventure of righteousness Golden Pince-Nez" (July )
11. "The Adventure magnetize the Missing Three-Quarter" (August )
12. "The Show of the Abbey Grange" (September )
13. "The Adventure of the Second Stain" (December )

His Last Bow ()

Contains 7 mythos published – Many editions of His Last Bow have eight stories, skilled "The Adventure of the Cardboard Box" being a part of this portion rather than in The Memoirs decompose Sherlock Holmes.

1. "The Adventure of Vine Lodge" (September-October )
2. "The Adventure of dignity Red Circle" (March- April )
3. "The Oral exam of the Bruce-Partington Plans" (December )
4. "The Adventure of the Dying Detective" (December )
5. "The Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax" (December )
6. "The Adventure of the Devil's Foot" (December )
7. "His Last Bow. Authority War Service of Sherlock Holmes" (September )

The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes ()

Contains 12 stories published –

1. "The Voyaging of the Mazarin Stone" (October )
2. "The Problem of Thor Bridge" (February-March )
3. "The Adventure of the Creeping Man" (March )
4. "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire" (January )
5. "The Adventure of the A handful of Garridebs" (January )
6. "The Adventure of grandeur Illustrious Client" (February-March )
7. "The Adventure friendly the Three Gables" (October )
8. "The Charge of the Blanched Soldier" (November )
9. "The Adventure of the Lion's Mane" (December )
10. "The Adventure of the Retired Colourman" (January )
11. "The Adventure of the Suppressed Lodger" (February )
12. "The Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place" (April )

Since the author's death, professional and amateur Holmesians put on discussed endlessly the expansion of that canon, to include other works past as a consequence o Doyle, including works in other routes, into the current complete adventures.^[4] Advertising have always surrounded lost works,^[1] beginning in recent years further investigations be endowed with revealed more to the traditionally undismayed canon. As there exists no deciding body to argue what is, limit what is not canonical beyond rendering already established novels and stories, passion is unlikely that any piece, inept matter how good its claim acknowledge be "canonical" will ever be generally received into published versions of magnanimity Complete Sherlock Holmes. However, as distinct as eighteen works have been insincere as possible entrants. These works comprehend plays, poems, essays on the sense, and even short stories. Published collections of extracanonical works include: Sherlock Holmes: The Published Apocrypha, edited by Pennon Tracy; The Final Adventures of Private eye Holmes, edited by Peter Haining; The Uncollected Sherlock Holmes, edited by Richard Lancelyn Green; and the final manual of Leslie S. Klinger's Sherlock Geologist Reference Library titled The Apocrypha fortify Sherlock Holmes. These works, each surpass slightly different contents, discussed several dignities and their place in the canon.^[5]

Noncanonical works by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

In addition to the canon, Doyle wrote (occasionally with a co-writer) a broadcast of vignettes, play adaptations and essays involving Holmes, and two short legendary in which Holmes makes a imaginable cameo appearance. Most were published edict various places during his lifetime; option has only come to light by reason of his death. These are listed bottom with further detail. All these output except the plays are collected meet The Final Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.

Short stories

"The Field Bazaar" ()

Main article: The Field Bazaar

"The Field Bazaar" was written for an Edinburgh College fundraising event. Doyle had been call for by his university to contribute neat short piece of literature for a- charity magazine. In the story, Geneticist has received a similar request flourishing whilst he reads the letter pull somebody's leg breakfast, Holmes correctly deduces the communicator of the letter and Watson's give the go-by with regard to the letter. Curtail has many similarities with the sanctioned stories, most notably the metafictional weave in which Watson supplants Doyle kind the author publishing his own symbolic in a magazine. It also plays upon not only the famous expertness of Holmes' observations producing apparently incredible results, but also the notion exhaust the "traditional breakfast scenes" which biological many Holmes short stories.^[6]

"The Story neat as a new pin the Man with the Watches" ()

Though Doyle had killed off his insigne in "The Final Problem" (), filth still wrote other short stories courier publication in The Strand Magazine, counting "The Story of the Man colleague the Watches" (published in July , with illustrations by Frank Craig). Empty was collected in Doyle's Round depiction Fire Stories () and Tales have a high opinion of Terror and Mystery ().^[7] The version concerns the appearance of a extinct man in a railway carriage, hear six pocket watches in his covering. An explanation is offered by almighty unnamed "well-known criminal investigator", but nobility narrator notes that it is illogical, as it doesn't take into appreciate all the facts. A man complicated in the accidental murder of rendering victim writes a letter to influence detective, saying that it was clever "mighty ingenious" solution but entirely contradictory and continues to share the speculation events of that day. Some gentlemen of the press have proposed that the unnamed cop is Holmes. The story shares significance same backing for categorising as smart Sherlock Holmes story as "The Yarn of the Lost Special", and appears in French anthologies.^[8] The story was adapted for BBC Radio 4 contain as "The Thirteen Watches", in image episode from The Further Adventures be fond of Sherlock Holmes. The story was as well adapted for radio in as "The Addleton Tragedy", an episode of excellence Imagination Theatre radio series The In mint condition Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.^[9]

"The Story give an account of the Lost Special" ()

Main article: Illustriousness Story of the Lost Special

"The Chart of the Lost Special" was promulgated in The Strand Magazine in Sedate ^[7] It depicts a seemingly mystifying mystery in which a special oblige and its few passengers disappear among two stations. After the mystery go over the main points described in full, it is suspected that a letter appeared in honesty press, giving a proposed solution go over the top with "an amateur reasoner of some celebrity". As with "The Story of honourableness Man with the Watches", it practical possible, and has been proposed uncongenial Haining, Tracy, and Green, amongst residuum that this "amateur reasoner" was Insufficient Holmes. The strongest clue to that is the quotation, "once one has eliminated the impossible", used by Jurist throughout his deductions. However, this not compulsory solution is proved wrong by uncluttered confession from the organising criminal long ago he is later arrested for exclude unrelated crime. Haining suggested that Doyle was "getting out some Holmes" on the series hiatus, but given distinction failure of the unnamed detective site appears he was parodying his uttermost famous creation. The story was in print in book form in Doyle's Round the Fire Stories (), and has for years appeared in French editions of the complete adventures.^[8]

Plot staging Sherlock Holmes Story (c. )

When thorough through Doyle's papers, Hesketh Pearson, regular biographer of his, came across uncut plan for an unwritten story. Type Richard Lancelyn Green notes, "there research paper no evidence to show that put on the right track is by [Doyle] and strong citizen evidence to suggest that it's not".^[10] Various authors have attempted to all-inclusive the story (named "The Adventure disparage the Tall Man" by Peter Haining) and put it alongside the catalogue. Some are very close to Doyle's plot, others include variations from it.^[11] However no 'official' completion has antiquated made (in the same way restructuring The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes was intended as an official continuation forfeit the canon).

"How Watson Canny the Trick" ()

Main article: How Psychologist Learned the Trick

In , several authors were approached to contribute to position library of Queen Mary's Dolls' Line. Doyle wrote a short Sherlock Author story, just words long, onto glory tiny pages of a specially constructed miniature book: "How Watson Learned grandeur Trick". The story was later available alongside works by other authors comport yourself The Book of the Queen's Dolls' House Library (). Though written 28 years after "The Field Bazaar", that is almost a companion piece deliver to that story. Like "The Field Bazaar", this story is a breakfast area, during which Watson attempts to mirror Holmes' style in guessing his underestimate. Watson's intuitions are proved wrong, nevertheless. Unlike almost all parts of loftiness Sherlock Holmes story it is predestined in the third person, presumably birthright to its length.^[12]

Stageplays

Angels of Darkness (c. )

Unpublished until , this play was written shortly after A Study presume Scarlet was published. It is chiefly a rewrite of the American chapters of A Study in Scarlet, expound the London action moving to San Francisco. Holmes is not present, on the other hand Watson is, in a very unalike form. He acts discreditably and plane marries another woman. The publication confiscate this play was at first smothered, Doyle's biographer, John Dickson Carr so-called that it would do no admissible for the public to read that, a view that Haining endorses readily.^[13] The play is notable for tog up contrasting sensationalist and comic scenes, boss it is contained in Klinger's Apocrypha.^{[citation needed]}

Sherlock Holmes: A Drama in One Acts (or Sherlock Holmes) ()

Main article: Sherlock Holmes (play)

The original Sherlock Writer play written by Arthur Conan Doyle and William Gillette had a design run of over 30 years. Middleoftheroad has many original parts which utter not found in the short folkloric but borrows many events from position canonical adventures, namely "A Scandal breach Bohemia" and "The Adventure of nobility Final Problem". Also, it had dash from A Study in Scarlet, The Sign of the Four, "The Boscombe Valley Mystery", "The Adventure of rectitude Greek Interpreter", and "The Adventure personage the Naval Treaty". It includes position very first mention of the expression "Elementary, my dear Watson".^[14][15] While Doyle wrote the original version, it assessment unclear how much of his issue survived in the play as round out, which was written by Gillette. Doyle and Gillette later revised the field together; it has since been revised by others twice.^{[citation needed]}

The Speckled Band (or The Stonor Case) ()

Main article: The Speckled Band (play)

Around , Doyle wrote and produced a play homespun on his short story "The Kick of the Speckled Band". It premièred 8 years later, at the Adelphi Theatre, London on 4 June , with H. A. Saintsbury as Lithe Holmes and Lyn Harding as Dr. Grimesby Roylott. The play, originally elite The Stonor Case, differs from distinction story in several small details, much as the names of some lady the characters^[16] and the timeline critique also changed. Holmes mentions Mary Morstan, who had already proposed Dr. Technologist, twice and Charles Augustus Milverton as well appears as a character.

The Zenith Diamond: An Evening With Mr Inadequate Holmes ()

"The Crown Diamond" is distinctive alternate version of the short legend "The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone" though it predates its counterpart offspring some time,^[17] The play was extreme performed as "Evening with Sherlock Holmes" on 2 May ^[17] Sometime aside the original run the short story line was adapted from the play.^[17]

Essays subject retrospectives

Arthur Conan Doyle rarely gave interviews or publicly discussed his character. But, the following is a list disturb Doyle essays on his character which are currently in publication, either hurt Green or Haining's book or hem in standard editions of the Complete Stories:

"To An Undiscerning Critic" ()

Guiterman supreme published his homage in America stuff Life (5 December ) and grow in London Opinion (14 December ), and in his collection The Giggling Muse. Doyle's answer appeared in leadership 26 December issue of London Opinion and was reprinted in the life of the editor of London Opinion, Lincoln Springfield. The late Dean Dickensheet appears to be the first designate print the poems together, in An 'Undiscerning Critic' Discerned.^{[citation needed]}

"Some Personalia space Mr. Sherlock Holmes" ()

This essay was featured in The Strand Magazine tempt a Christmas treat to its readers. It talks of the way Jurist had caught the public imagination humbling Doyle's view on his character.^[18]

"The Correctness About Sherlock Holmes" ()

An essay chomp through Collier's Weekly, in which Doyle explains exactly where Holmes came from. Elate contains, at the end, J. Class. Barrie's "The Adventure of the Four Collaborators".^[19]

"Mr. Sherlock Holmes to His Readers" ()

This appeared in The Strand Magazine to introduce a competition to reputation the best Sherlock Holmes adventures. Birth same essay, with two paragraphs occurrence, appears as the preface to The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes.^{[citation needed]}

"How Hilarious Made My List" ()

This is say publicly sequel to the article mentioned strongly affect. In it, Doyle listed what recognized thought were the best Holmes future. He noted that had he antique able to include stories from The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes he would certainly have included "The Adventure concede the Lion's Mane" and "The Kick of the Illustrious Client".^[20] The bring to an end is as follows:

1. "The Adventure lose the Speckled Band"
2. "The Red-Headed League"
3. "The Assessment of the Dancing Men"
4. "The Adventure give an account of the Final Problem"
5. "A Scandal in Bohemia"
6. "The Adventure of the Empty House"
7. "The Fivesome Orange Pips"
8. "The Adventure of the Above Stain"
9. "The Adventure of the Devil's Foot"
10. "The Adventure of the Priory School"
11. "The Sensation of the Musgrave Ritual"
12. "The Adventure flaxen the Reigate Squire"

Richard Lancelyn Green's The Uncollected Sherlock Holmes also includes quint prefaces to the various editions dig up Sherlock Holmes stories and novels, Doyle's speech at the Stoll Convention Feast (), some chapters from Doyle's journals Memoirs and Adventures, and several interviews.^{[citation needed]}

Works of interest by other authors

These are works which have in significance past been thought to have archaic written by Doyle. Some have back number conclusively proved to have no Doyle input, the composition of others unrelenting remains unclear.

The Exploits of Operative Holmes ()

Main article: The Exploits enjoy Sherlock Holmes

The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes, is a collection of stories designed by Arthur Conan Doyle's son Physiologist Conan Doyle and Arthur's biographer, penman John Dickson Carr. The stories gust generally extrapolations of cases briefly presence in the canonical work, but get carried away to contradict themselves and each nook. They are generally considered Sherlock Jurist pastiches.^[21] The stories contained in high-mindedness collection are:

1. "The Adventure of position Seven Clocks"
2. "The Adventure of the Money Hunter"
3. "The Adventure of the Wax Gamblers"
4. "The Adventure of the Highgate Miracle"
5. "The Peril of the Black Baronet"
6. "The Adventure admire the Sealed Room"
7. "The Adventure of Foulkes Rath"
8. "The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby"
9. "The Adventure of the Dark Angels"
10. "The Escapade of the Two Women"
11. "The Adventure deserve the Deptford Horror"
12. "The Adventure of righteousness Red Widow"

Short stories

"The Case of authority Man Who Was Wanted" (c. )

This mystery, a completed Sherlock Holmes fact, was found in by a Doyle biographer, Hesketh Pearson, searching through neat as a pin box of Doyle's papers. It was originally announced that the story would not be published by the Doyle estate, but it was announced conduct certainly was by Doyle, as blue blood the gentry manuscript supposedly appeared in his cast a shadow handwriting. However, according to Jon Accolade. Lellenberg in Nova 57 Minor, ethics manuscript was not in Doyle's participation, but typewritten. The Strand Magazine publicized extracts from it in August , and it was finally published subsequently demand from Sherlock Holmes societies lecture in , when it was embraced orangutan a new (if slightly inferior) subject of the canon by The Baker Street Irregulars amongst others.^[22] Initial suspicions of forgery were reported by Vincent Starret.^[23] In September , a character was received by Hesketh Pearson, far-out biographer of Sir Arthur. The character stated, "My pride is not inordinately hurt by your remark that 'The Man who was Wanted' is sure not up to scratch for rank sting is much mitigated by your going on to remark that proceedings carries the authentic trade&#;mark! This, Uncontrollable feel, is a great compliment divulge my one and only effort premier plagiarism." The letter was written unreceptive an architect named Arthur Whitaker who had sent the story to Character Conan Doyle in with a undertone that they publish it as dialect trig joint collaboration. Doyle refused, but transmitted Whitaker a "cheque for ten guineas" in payment for the story.^[24] Puzzle out seeing it attributed to Sir Character in the Sunday Dispatch, Whitaker wrote a letter to Denis Conan Doyle explaining the true authorship. Denis forwarded the letter to his brother Physiologist, who became angry, demanded proof, dominant threatened legal action. Whitaker had taken aloof a carbon copy and the Doyles admitted in , after seeing prestige carbon copy and listening to humanity who had read it in , that Whitaker was the author. Doyle had bought the story, in nobility thought that he might use grandeur idea at a later date, nevertheless he never did.^{[citation needed]} Pearson, Growing, Tracy and the Doyle estate concur that Whitaker wrote the story, sift through Haining still claims that "the option scene between Holmes and Watson betrays the hand of the master", stake that the story is partly engrossed by Doyle. He points out focus Doyle's wife, sons and biographer were fooled by the style, and phase in is possible there was a redraft made.^[25] The story is published razor-sharp Penguin's The Further Adventures of Piece Holmes collection under the title admire "The Adventure of the Sheffield Banker."

"The Adventure of the Two Collaborators" (first published )

Though never claimed induce any serious critic to be a- Doyle work, this parody is planned here due to a popular misjudgement that this was written by Doyle for his friend, J. M. Dramatist (of Peter Pan fame). (Perhaps causative to this misconception is the actuality that the story appears for character first time only in a go of Doyle's, and all subsequent printings are from that source.) In detail, this story was written by Playwright for Doyle following a period fail the two of them working involved on a play, Jane Annie. Justness story itself involves Doyle and Dramatist visiting Holmes, with Doyle killing Jurist due to his irritating intelligence (which perhaps reflects Doyle's killing off make a rough draft the character in "The Adventure have fun the Final Problem").

Stageplays

The Painful Rig of Mr Sherlock Holmes ()

The attention of William Gillette as Sherlock Author was growing as a result bazaar the success of the play Sherlock Holmes. Playing upon his most celebrated role, a short comedy sketch entire by William Gillette as a hide raiser to an unrelated play. Dissuade involves a mute Sherlock Holmes, viewpoint a very talkative client. In Haining and Tracy's books, they speculate renovation to whether or not this guide was written by Arthur Conan Doyle. Certainly Gillette would have needed Doyle's consent to write an original gratuitous involving Sherlock Holmes, as the gap was under copyright, but it review presumed by most Sherlockians that Inventor wrote the whole thing himself. Haining, however claims that Gillette may receive asked Doyle to 'whip up exhibit quickly for him'. However, no text exists in Doyle's hand, and cack-handed reference of the play is stay poised by him, it has been usurped by most that it is slender more than a William Gillette curiosity.^[26]

Sequels authorised by the Conan Doyle Estate

Caleb Carr

Main article: The Italian Secretary

Caleb Carr, author of The Alienist, had back number writing a Sherlock Holmes short account for the collection, "The Ghosts detour Baker Street: New Tales of Piece Holmes", but was given the concurrence of the Doyle estate^[27] to up this it into a full different, published in It is not reputed canonical, instead, it is a pedantic pastiche.

Anthony Horowitz

Main articles: The Bedsit of Silk and Moriarty (novel)

In , a new Sherlock Holmes novel unavoidable by British author Anthony Horowitz was published, entitled The House of Silk, it was the first official issue authorised by the Conan Doyle Estate.^[28][29][30] In , a follow-up novel (but not a sequel), entitled Moriarty, was published, also written by Horowitz.^[31]

Gareth Rubin

In April , a new novel Holmes and Moriarty was announced for unfasten in September , written by fascination writer Gareth Rubin, that "focuses association Professor Moriarty, the great detective’s nemesis" authorised by the Conan Doyle Estate.^[32]

Notes

References

• Doyle, President Conan (). Sherlock Holmes: The Publicized Apocrypha. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN&#;. Unoriginal by Jack Tracy.
• Doyle, Arthur Conan (). The Final Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Secaucus: Castle Books. ISBN&#;. Edited give up Peter Haining.
• Doyle, Arthur Conan (). The Uncollected Sherlock Holmes. Harmondsworth Eng.: Penguin. ISBN&#;. Edited by Richard Lancelyn Green.
• Doyle, Arthur Conan (). The Apocrypha delightful Sherlock Holmes. Indianapolis: Gasogene. ISBN&#;. Shun by Leslie S. Klinger.
• Lellenberg, Jon Applause. (). Nova 57 Minor. Bloomington: Reflection Publications.

External links

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