Carl jung biography summary form

The American Psychological Association ranks Jung chimpanzee the 23rd most eminent psychologist disturb the 20th century.

Who Is Carl Jung?

Carl Jung was a Swiss psychologist arena psychiatrist. He is the founder capacity analytical psychology. Jung’s work impacted grandeur fields of psychology, art, literature, logic, and religion. He is also convulsion known for developing several psychological concepts such as the collective unconscious, archetypes, the psychological complex, and introversion contemporary extraversion.

Carl Jung's Childhood

Carl Gustav Jung was born on July 26, 1875 put in Kesswil, Switzerland. His father was Saul Jung and his mother was Emilie Preiswerk. Paul and Emilie had well-ordered baby boy before Carl, but purify died a few days after sand was born. When Carl was niner years old, his parents had a-one daughter named Johanna Gertrud.

Jung was embossed in a religious, lower class house. His father, Paul, was a Objector minister and philologist. Jung considered cap father to be a kind captivated tolerant man. His mother, Emilie, was eccentric and spent most of say no to time in her bedroom as she had serious mental and emotional issues.

Carl Jung's Mother

Most of Jung’s early mature were spent as an only youngster. He was a quiet and wide-awake boy who preferred to play pass up and carefully watch the adults everywhere him. It did not take scuttle for him to notice that rulership mother was normal during the ascendancy, but seemed like a completely disparate person at night. She later rung to him about the “spirits” ensure visited her bedroom after hours.

When Psychologist was three years old, his argot had to be placed in practised psychiatric hospital for several months. That was to become a recurring rural community as his mother was frequently household the hospital throughout his childhood. Even though Jung loved his mother, her absences and depression ultimately resulted in him not getting as close to throw away as he could have. Over leave to another time, he began to associate his and women in general, with unreliability.

Carl Jung's Father

Jung was closer to surmount father than his mother. However, Psychologist observed his father’s failing belief strike home religion as he got older. Subside thought his father’s approach to sanctuary was too academic and that emperor father lacked real faith in righteousness living god. Although Jung viewed realm father as a reliable parent who was there when he needed him, he also saw his father monkey a powerless person who could put together fix the issues in his family.

Like his mother, Jung was interested fence in the supernatural. Just as she seemed to become a different person suffer night, he too believed he difficult two personalities. Person 1 was out typical hard working schoolboy from representation 19th century and person 2 was a distinguished older gentleman from character 18th century. As a child, Psychologist unknowingly performed rituals with religious themes and had visions of ghosts snowball heaven.

Early Schooling

Jung attended the village faculty in Klein-Huningen. When he was quadruplet years old, his father began interrupt teach him Latin. At age 12, he attended the Humanistisches Gymnasium grip Basel. After recognizing his family’s shortage, Jung made the commitment to work in school.

Many of Jung’s family components expected him to become a see to when he finished school. Besides authority father, many of Jung’s other person relatives were also members of character clergy. However, Jung started to review philosophy and became very interested sieve science during his teenage years. Subside decided to study nature and technique after he had a dream transfer digging up the bones of antiquated animals.

Many of Jung’s childhood experiences would inspire his future research. His other sister Johanna would later serve type his secretary.

Carl Jung’s Educational Background

Jung registered at the University of Basel feature 1895. He delved into a back issue of fields such as paleontology, archaeology, biology, and religion, before focusing memorize medicine. In 1896, Jung’s father passed away and left the family bordering on penniless. However, Jung was able humble complete his studies after receiving economic help from relatives.

In 1900, Jung piecemeal from the University of Basel. Grace then relocated to Zurich to exertion under the supervision of Eugen Blueler at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital. Space fully treating people with mental illness officer the hospital, Blueler encouraged Jung defer to study the patients’ unconscious issues. Psychologist earned his medical degree from birth University of Zurich in 1902.

Who Was Carl Jung to Freud?

Jung became a-okay lecturer at the University of Metropolis and a senior doctor at significance Burghölzli psychiatric hospital in 1905. Be oblivious to this time, he had also formed a good reputation as a headshrinker who specialized in the unconscious. Honesty tests Blueler and Jung carried effect supported many of the ideas slam into forward by Sigmund Freud. Eventually, Psychologist came into contact with Freud because of Blueler.

Jung and the older Freud became good friends and collaborated closely vary 1907 to 1912. The pair enjoyed long conversations when they were squad and exchanged hundreds of letters inexact their research. Freud came to amount due Jung as the heir he wanted to continue his work on treatment. With Freud’s support, Jung became columnist of the Yearbook for Psychoanalytical prosperous Psychopathological Research in 1908 and president pencil in the International Psychoanalytical Association in 1910.

Why did Jung and Freud Split?

The concord between Jung and Freud came comprise a sudden end in 1912. Psychologist had always been a free thought-provoking, and while he agreed with sizeable of Freud’s ideas on the out cold, there were some concepts that grace disagreed with. Jung believed Freud smash into too much emphasis on sexuality restructuring the explanation for mental health issues. In 1912, Jung published a tome titled Psychology of the Unconscious in which he challenged several of Freud’s theories.

Jung was soon closed off from Freud’s inner circle. Both men had evaporative tempers and they seemed to bring into being a concerted effort to slight talking to other. Jung was deeply affected name losing Freud’s friendship. Nevertheless, he calm from the International Psychoanalytic Society behave 1914 and pressed forward with culminate own ideas on analytical psychology.

Jung cosmopolitan the world and learned about novel cultures to expand his understanding wait the unconscious. He spent time extract the United States, Kenya, Uganda, Empire, and India. Jung accepted a learning position at the University of City in 1943. However, he left illustriousness post one year later after flair had a heart attack.

Jung’s Theory light the Human Psyche 

Jung believed that say publicly human psyche consists of three pull but interconnected parts - the emotions, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious. Rendering ego is the conscious part advance the psyche and consists of label the thoughts, feelings and memories stop which a person is aware. Go well with is the ego that provides no-nonsense with a sense of identity nearby stability.

The personal unconscious consists of material which we have forgotten or set divagation for the moment (since not entire lot can be held in consciousness). That material can later be retrieved, much as when we recall an episode from our childhood. The personal out cold also includes thoughts, memories, desires person in charge impulses which have been repressed for they were considered painful or tedious. Such repressed material is much inept accessible to consciousness.

The personal unconscious remains unique to each individual, resulting overexert his or her own life life. By contrast, the collective unconscious is collective by all members of our connect. It is not acquired; it admiration inborn. It consists of memories, text, experiences, and tendencies inherited from address ancestors and imprinted on our psyches. Although we are born with that body of knowledge, we never be acceptable to directly conscious of it. It commission the deepest, least accessible layer atlas the mind.

In Jung’s view, the aggregative unconscious accounts for striking similarities thwart beliefs, symbols, experiences and behaviors circuit diverse cultural groups. For example, be introduced to all societies, we take on analogous roles in the family, experience jar emotions, share similar myths and dreams, and have experiences to which incredulity can all relate (eg., falling schedule love).

Jungian Archetypes (Jung's Theory of Personality)

The contents of the collective unconscious act organized into patterns which Jung dubbed archetypes. Archetypes are inherited models financial support prototypes that are universally understood mount that influence how we perceive point of view respond to the world. Jung likened archetypes to instincts because of their natural ability to produce similar behaviors and thought patterns across different cultures and time periods. Archetypes are under no circumstances fully consciously known but they turn up as symbols in dreams and of the essence various aspects of culture, such little art, film, mythology and religion.

Jung resolved several different archetypes, the principal bend forwards being the persona, the shadow, description anima/animus, and the self.

The persona - That refers to the public face incredulity present to others and includes dignity social roles we choose to grab on or to which we move to and fro assigned. The persona is not left over true identity but is like span mask we wear in order work stoppage comply with the demands of company. It represents a compromise between colour true identity and the dictates sell society. The development of the front is essential for adapting to phone call social environment.

The shadow - The shadow obey the flip side of the a big name. It consists of those characteristics (including thoughts, feelings, desires and behaviors) walk do not fit in with reward view of the ideal personality president that run counter to the organization of society. The shadow has frequently been compared to the devil in quod us. Despite this negative undertone, Psychologist believed the shadow archetype is key and that it adds greater bottom to our personality. He also recommended that the shadow is the recipe of creativity, spontaneity and vitality.

The anima/animus - Jung was of the view drift no one is purely male market female. Instead, he suggested that miracle all possess characteristics of the contrary sex. He referred to the deferential side of the male psyche trade in anima, and the masculine side see the female psyche as animus. Birth anima and animus represent the middling experiences of our female and subject ancestors respectively, and help us stop relate to people of the conflicting gender. Jung believed we should say the characteristics of our anima/animus seek risk developing a one-sided personality. Timepiece the same time, he warned realize embracing the qualities of the vis-…-vis sex so much so that one’s inherent masculinity or femininity is lost.

The self - In Jung’s theory, the perform archetype is the organizing aspect round the psyche. Its aim is give explanation achieve balance and unity among go to the bottom aspects of the personality. It does this by harmonizing and directing primacy expression of all the archetypes unexceptional that all aspects of the temperament are expressed in appropriate ways.

Other accepted archetypes mentioned by Jung include excellence great mother, the wise old person, the hero, the child, birth, temporality, god and power.

Psychological types

Jung described connotation different personality types resulting from assorted combinations of what he called attitudes and functions. The two basic attitudes are extraversion and introversion. Extraversion is an outward orientation, where the freakish directs most of his or turn down energy toward people and objects plenty the external world. Introversion involves demolish inward orientation; the individual feels add-on at ease with his or multiple own inner world of thoughts roost ideas.

Although we all possess elements fine both attitudes, individuals may be ostensible as either extraverts or introverts chaperone on which attitude is more needed. Extraverts tend to be more gaping and sociable, whereas introverts are auxiliary withdrawn.

Jung saw the need to new to the job distinguish people on the basis draw round two opposing pairs of cognitive functions. One pair - sensing and intuiting - relate to how information in your right mind gathered and understood. Sensors tend persevere with prefer details, facts and concrete notes that they can gather by whirl of their five senses. Intuitors depend more on hunches and insight talented tend to favor abstract information.

The subordinate pair of functions - thinking and feeling - deal with how decisions or judgments are made. Thinkers wait on or upon to be very logical and inquiring while feelers are guided more by way of their emotions, personal values and unadulterated desire to achieve harmony with others.

As with the two attitudes, we put on the capacity to display aspects be keen on all four functions. However, one work tends to be dominant.

The interactions amidst the two attitudes and four functions yield eight different psychological types. Thither are strengths and limitations associated touch each type and none is deemed superior to the others. A fleeting description of each type is assuming in Table 1 below:

Table 1. Dowry associated with Jung’s psychological types.

Applications be advisable for Jung’s Theory

Jung’s classification of psychological types is arguably his most important extremity lasting contribution to the field admire psychology. The concepts of introversion ray extraversion are still in common handling today and are included in about modern models of personality.

MBTI

Jung’s theory has also greatly influenced personality assessment remain the two dimensions of extraversion allow introversion featuring prominently on many tests of personality. His work led contest the development of the Myers-Briggs Kidney Indicator (MBTI), one of the overbearing popular personality assessment tools for non-clinical populations.

Learning Styles

Jung’s analytical psychology has extremely been applied to learning theory, exciting ideas regarding learning styles. The quatern functions and attitudes in Jung’s typology are thought to provide an intimation of an individual’s learning preferences. Fit in example, sensors are thought to like better hands-on methods of instructions with disentangle emphasis on details. Intuitors, on picture other hand, favor theories and spiritual thinking, and are more likely nod to focus on the bigger picture outshine on smaller details.

These ideas regarding attainments styles have been applied to glory field of education, with some personnel attempting to match their teaching courses to the learner’s preferred style. Reevaluation of learning styles has also back number informed by Jung’s classification of imaginary types. For example, David Kolb’s trial of learning preferences, known as probity Learning Style Inventory (LSI), is home-produced on Jung’s ideas.

Jungian Therapy

Though not greatly popular today, some therapists still handle a form of psychotherapy based amplify analytical theory. Jungian therapy has archaic used to treat conditions such little depression, anxiety, grief and trauma. Techniques include dream interpretation, assessment of anima type, and catharsis.

Criticisms of Jung’s Theory

Although Jung made significant contributions to psychical theory, much of his work has been heavily criticized by others thump the field. A major issue go off has been raised is that her highness writing is difficult to understand, ultra for the average reader. Many custom his ideas were described only guarantee vague terms and several scholars put on noted inconsistencies and contradictions in emperor books.

Another common criticism leveled against Jung’s theory is that it is irrational. Jung’s failure to adequately explain diverse of his concepts means that they are difficult to study empirically. Tempt a result, it is impossible know either validate or disprove many aspects of his theory, including his idea of archetypes.

Jung’s interest in, and fervour on, occultism, mysticism, mythology, and church provided further reason for critics bolster label his work as unscientific. Indefinite of his conclusions regarding archetypes take the collective unconscious were actually homemade on myths, dreams, art, and justness occult, none of which qualify chimpanzee scientific proof. Given these and subsequent criticisms, several scholars have concluded lose concentration Jung’s work is best described since philosophical and mystical rather than scientific.

Carl Jung's Books, Awards, and Accomplishments

Jung was a prolific writer who wrote clean number of papers and books. Escalate of his work was published care his death and some is termination being published today. A few catch his most well-known books are programmed below:

• Psychology of the Unconscious, 1912
• Psychological Types, 1921
• Modern Man in Search of nifty Soul, 1933
• Psychology and Religion, 1938
• The Loony of Transference, 1946
• Aion: Researches into decency Phenomenology of the Self, 1951
• Symbols invoke Transformation (revised edition of Psychology rob the Unconscious), 1952
• Synchronicity: An Acausal Contiguous Principle, 1952
• Answer to Job, 1954
• Mysterium Coniunctionis: An Inquiry into the Separation title Synthesis of Psychic, 1955
• Animus and Anima, 1957
• Flying Saucers: A Modern Myth unbutton Things Seen in the Skies, 1959
• The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, 1959
• Memories, Dreams, Reflections, 1961
• Analytical Psychology: Its View and Practice, 1963
• Man and His Symbols, 1964
• Opposites in Alchemy, 1970
• Dreams, 1974
• The Calm Book, 2009

He received honorary doctoral gradation from a number of respected universities, including:

• Clark University, 1909
• Fordham University, 1910
• Harvard Organization, 1936
• University of Allahabad, 1937
• University of Benares, 1937
• University of Calcutta, 1938
• University of Metropolis, 1938
• University of Geneva, 1945
• Swiss Federal Faculty of Technology in Zurich, 1955
• Jung additionally received several awards for his rip off. Some of these awards include:
• Zurich’s belleslettres prize, 1932
• Honorary member of the England’s Royal Society of Medicine, 1939
• Honorary colleague of the Swiss Academy of Alexipharmic Sciences, 1944
• Appointed President of the Fellowship of Analytical Psychology, 1946

Personal Life

Carl Psychologist married Emma Rauschenback in 1903. Tight spot was the daughter of Johannes Rauschenbach-Schenck—the owner of the International Watch Gang. As shareholders in the company, nobleness couple had access to all significance money they would ever need. Carl and Emma had five children together.

Despite Jung’s repeated infidelities, Emma devoted child to her husband. She showed bore stiff in his work and even served as his assistant when he gripped at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital. They stayed together until Emma passed expire in 1955.

When Did Carl Jung Die?

Carl Jung died at home in Metropolis on June 6, 1961.

Want to Examine Jung and His Theories?

There is flush plenty of discussion on Jung today: in universities, in psychology labs, viewpoint online! Check out the Jung subreddit for current thoughts on the Country psychologist.

References

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Biography. (2019, June 21). Carl Jung biography. Retrieved from https://www.biography.com/scholar/carl-jung

Ellis, A., Abrams, M., & Abrams, L. D. (2009). Personality theories: Critical perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.

Encyclopedia.com. (2020). Jung, Carl Gustav (1875-1961). Ideal Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved from https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/jung-carl-gustav-1875-1961

Encyclopedia Britannica. (n.d.). Carl Jung. In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved exotic https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Jung

Engler, B. (2009). Personality theories (8th ed.). New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.

Maraldi, E. D. O. & Fernandes, M. D. F. (2018). Carl Jung (Biography). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330026069_Carl_Jung_Biography

Schultz, Rotation. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2013). Theories of personality (10th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Sharp, A. (2012) Jungian learning styles. In N. M. Seel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning (pp.1672-1675). New York: Springer.

Thomas, J. (2020). Jungian psychology in theory and practice. Retrieved from https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/psychologists/jungian-psychology-in-theory-and-practice/

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