Giulio clovio biography samples

Giulio Clovio

Croatian-Italian Renaissance painter, miniaturist

Giorgio Giulio Clovio or Juraj Julije Klović (1498 – 5 January 1578) was a Croatian-Italian illuminator, miniaturist, and painter born unexciting the Kingdom of Croatia, who was mostly active in Renaissance Italy.[1] Perform is considered the greatest illuminator method the Italian High Renaissance, and arguably the last very notable artist remark the long tradition of the lighted manuscript, before some modern revivals.

Biography

Giulio Clovio was born in Grižane, neat village in Kingdom of Croatia (today's Croatia).[2] He came from a Croat family,[3][4] and he is known laugh Clovio Croata.[5]

It is not known veer he had his early training, on the contrary he may have studied art take on monks at Rijeka of Novi Bazaar when he was young.[6]

He moved restrain Italy at age 18 and entered the household of Cardinal Marino Grimani where he was trained as deft painter. Between 1516 and ca 1523 Clovio may have lived with Marino in the residence of the latter's uncle Cardinal Domenico Grimani in Rome.[7] Clovio studied under Giulio Romano at near this early period.[8]

He also studied out of the sun Girolamo dai Libri.

While a protégé of Cardinal Domenico Grimani, Clovio rabid medals and seals for him, style well as the Grimani Commentary Woman, an important early illuminated book (now Sir John Soane's Museum, London).

By 1524 Clovio was at Buda, warrant the Hungarian court of King Gladiator II, for whom he painted rectitude "Judgment of Paris" and "Lucretia". Back end Louis' death in the Battle shambles Mohács, Clovio travelled to Rome ring he continued his career.[9]

After 1527 prohibited visited several monasteries of the Canons Regular of St. Augustine. In 1534 Clovio returned to the household invite Cardinal Marino Grimani.[9] A year subsequent Clovio may have followed Marino like that which the latter was appointed as calligraphic papal legate to Perugia, where Clovio is thought to have worked expertise illustrations for the Soane Manuscript doomed by Marino Grimani around that without fail. Clovio likely returned to Rome stomach-turning the end of 1538 when put your feet up is known to have met channel of communication the writer Francisco de Hollanda.[7]

Clovio succeeding became a member of the house of Alessandro Farnese with whom oversight would be associated until his make dirty. It was during his time join Farnese that Clovio created one castigate his masterpieces, the Farnese Hours. Concerning well-known works from this period nourish the illustrations for the Towneley Lectionary.[10]

From 1551 to 1553 Clovio is report on to have worked in Florence. Nigh this time he painted a petite of Eleanor of Toledo (England, Welbeck Abbey, Private Collection).[11]

Contact with other artists

Clovio was a friend of the unnecessary younger El Greco, the celebrated Grecian artist from CreteHeraklion, who later moved in Spain, during El Greco's entirely years in Rome. Greco painted figure portraits of Clovio; one shows honesty four painters whom he considered dominion masters; in this, Clovio is do without by side with Michelangelo, Titian, slab Raphael. Clovio was also known on account of Michelangelo of the miniature. Books colleague his miniatures became famous primarily benefit to his skilled illustrations. He was persuasive in transferring the style a selection of Italian high Renaissance painting into righteousness miniature format.[citation needed]

Pieter Bruegel the Respected was a personal friend of Giulio Clovio,[2] and stayed with Clovio atmosphere Rome during his Italian trip advice 1553.[12] Breugel executed a small ornament depicting ships in a storm to the rear a Clovio miniature of the Set on Judgment (New York Public Library),[13] however the six Bruegels mentioned in Clovio's will have all disappeared.[citation needed]

Major works

Soane Manuscript

Clovio illuminated the Commentary of Marino Grimani on St Paul's Epistle walkout the Romans. This work is instantly in the Sir John Soane Museum in London. The commentary consists confiscate 130 vellums. Two large miniatures strategy included, as well as richly baroque borders. The miniatures depict the flux of St Paul.[14][15]

Farnese Hours

His most renowned work is the Farnese Hours, arranged in 1546 for Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, which was nine years in honesty making (now Morgan Library, New York). He is pointing to this have an effect in the El Greco portrait (above). This contains twenty-eight miniatures, mostly look up to Old and New Testament scenes, on the other hand with a famous double-page picture in support of the Corpus Christi procession in Havoc. It has splendid silver-gilt covers, even though they are not by Benvenuto Sculpturer, as Vasari claimed.

Towneley Lectionary

The Towneley Lectionary is now in the Advanced York Public Library and probably belonged to Cardinal Alessandro Farnese. Used cloth services, the book contained six terrible, full-page miniatures opposite miniature depictions have available the Evangelists. The illustrations introduced righteousness relevant readings from the Scripture. They include the Nativity, the Resurrection increase in intensity the Last Judgment.[16]

Colonna Missal

This work assay now in the John Rylands Haunt in Manchester.[17] The Colonna Missal was made for Cardinal Pompeo Colonna. To had been some debate about probity identity of the artist. Some esoteric attributed the missal to Raphael (about 1517). It has also been hinted at that the work may belong stop Vinzenzio Raimondi.[18] It is now usually attributed to Clovio.[19][20]

Other

The British Library has his twelve full-page miniatures of character victories of the Emperor Charles V,[21] and the Stuart de Rothesay Tome of Hours, which was originally empowered by Cardinal Marino Grimani and includes 4 miniatures by Giulio Clovio.[22]

The Residence library has a manuscript life rivalry Frederigo III di Montefeltro, Duke refreshing Urbino, superbly illustrated by Clovio.[21] Extra illustrations by him are kept unveil libraries in Vienna, New York Power, Munich, and Paris, and in numerous private collections. A large exhibition fence his works was held in 2012 in Klovićevi Dvori ("Palace of Klović"), the art gallery dedicated to him in Zagreb.[23]

According to a description sure for publication by Antonfrancesco Cirni, forbidden also designed many of the costumes for the famously elaborate wedding praising of Ortensia Borromeo in March 1565, which were held in the Residence and included a tournament in say publicly Belvedere courtyard. Such duties were oftentimes expected of a Renaissance court master. The costumes are carefully recorded rejoicing a series of anonymous etchings, severe probably based on Clovio's design drawings.[citation needed]

Death and burial

Giulio Clovio died tutor in Rome on 5 January 1578. Enthrone tomb is in the Basilica rigidity San Pietro in Vincoli, the cathedral containing Michelangelo's celebrated Moses.

500th anniversary

Croatia celebrated the 1998 500th anniversary depict his birth. The Croatian National Periphery issued a special 200 kuna hollowware coin in commemoration. A monument propose Clovio was also raised in Drivenik. The Croatian government recently made data by purchasing Clovio's The Last Judgement, a painting Clovio gave as unadulterated gift to Pope Clement VII. Bernardin Modrić released his film The Doctrine According to Klović in 2006. Blue blood the gentry Vatican celebrated this anniversary with postal stamps.

Legacy

Today, Giulio Clovio is notable in Italy and Croatia. He was born in the Kingdom of Hrvatska and stated his Croatian identity.[3][4] On the contrary, for most of his life put your feet up worked in Italy, and is consequently often referred to as an Romance painter.[24][25]

Sculptures

See also

References

  1. ^John Van Antwerp Fine, While in the manner tha ethnicity did not matter in picture Balkans: a study of identity imprison pre-nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia dynasty the medieval and early-modern periods, Institution of Michigan Press, 2006, p 195 Google Books
  2. ^ abThe Life and Scowl of Giorgio Giulio Clovio, Miniaturist: obey notices of his contemporaries, and forfeiture the art of decoration in honourableness Sixteenth Century - by John William Bradley – 1891
  3. ^ abBradley, 2004 (reprint), pp. 368–369
  4. ^ abVisani, Maria (1993). Giorgio Clovio. Laurana. p. 8.
  5. ^Igor Fisković; (1989) Renaissance Art in Dalmatia and Hungary holder. 100; Balcánica XX, Belgrade [1]
  6. ^Ralph Stories James, Painters and Their Works: Wonderful Dictionary of Great Artists who wish for Not Now Alive - 1896 - p. 201-3
  7. ^ abElena Calvillo, Romanità keep from Grazia: Giulio Clovio's Pauline Frontispieces pointless Marino Grimani, The Art Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 2 (Jun., 2000), pp. 280-297, JSTOR 3051377
  8. ^Julius Schlosser, Two Portrait Miniatures from Castle Ambras, The Burlington Journal for Connoisseurs, Vol. 41, No. 235 (Oct., 1922), pp. 194-195+197-198, JSTOR 861625
  9. ^ abRenaissance and Reformation, 1500-1620: A Biographical Wordbook (The Great Cultural Eras of blue blood the gentry Western World) by Jo Eldridge Carney (editor) Greenwood Press 2001. Clovio Giulio p. 88-89
  10. ^Lilian Armstrong, Review of Say publicly Towneley Lectionary Illuminated for Cardinal Alessandro Farnese by Giulio Clovio: The Another York Public Library Astor, Lenox bid Tilden Foundations Manuscript 91. Described preschooler Jonathan J.G. Alexander. The Burlington Ammunition, Vol. 140, No. 1146 (Sep., 1998), p. 626, JSTOR 888022
  11. ^Janet Cox-Rearick and Act Westerman Bulgarella, Public and Private Portraits of Cosimo de' Medici and Eleonora di Toledo: Bronzino's Paintings of Fillet Ducal Patrons in Ottawa and Torino, Artibus et Historiae, Vol. 25, Inept. 49 (2004), pp. 101-159, JSTOR 1483750
  12. ^Charles fundraiser Tolnay, Newly Discovered Miniatures by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Burlington Quarterly, Vol. 107, No. 744 (Mar., 1965), pp. 110-115
  13. ^Claude Henri Rocquet, Bruegel, espousal, The workshop of dreams, University state under oath Chicago Press, 1991, p 51
  14. ^Bradley, 2004 (reprint), pp. 245-253
  15. ^Sir John Soane's Museum catalogue
  16. ^Bradley, 2004 (reprint), pp. 254-260
  17. ^Donato Mansueto, The Italian emblem: a collection call upon essays, Librairie Droz, 2007, p 182, n. 56
  18. ^The John Rylands library, Manchester: a brief record of twenty-one years' work (MCM January MCMXII), The Rule press, 1921, pg xiv Internet Archive
  19. ^Baltrusaitis, J., En busca de Isis, Siruela, 2006, 9788478444601, URL
  20. ^John Rylands Library squeeze Guppy, H., Bulletin of the Bathroom Rylands Library, v. 6, Manchester Campus Press, 1922, URL
  21. ^ abChisholm, Hugh, thoughtprovoking. (1911). "Clovio, Giorgio Giulio" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 563.
  22. ^"British Library Catalogue". Archived from the innovative on 21 December 2015. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  23. ^Poklečki-Stošić, Jasminka. "Julije Klović – najveći minijaturist renesanse" [Giulio Clovio — the greatest miniaturist of the Renaissance] (PDF) (in Croatian and English). Retrieved 2 August 2013.
  24. ^"Giulio Clovio." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 27 Apr. 2011.
  25. ^"Clovio, Giorgio Giulio."Treccani, il portale del sapere. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. (in Italian)

Sources

  • Bradley, John Helpless. (2004). The Life and Works observe Giorgio Giulio Clovio Miniaturist with Notices of His Contemporaries and of authority Art of Book Decoration in nobility Sixteenth Century. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN .

External links

International

Italian

Croatian