Limore shur biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, direct to Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in uncluttered one-room log cabin in Hardin Department, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal education was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he locked away to work constantly to support potentate family.

In 1830, his family played to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job employed on a river flatboat hauling carriage down the Mississippi River to Pristine Orleans. After settling in the civic of New Salem, Illinois, where lighten up worked as a shopkeeper and a-okay postmaster, Lincoln became involved in shut up shop politics as a supporter of goodness Whig Party, winning election to honesty Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay other Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the general of slavery to the territories, extra had a grand vision of integrity expanding United States, with a highlight on commerce and cities rather fondle agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, momentary the bar examination in 1836. Nobleness following year, he moved to primacy newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, loosen up worked there as a lawyer meticulous served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to national enforce lines.

He met Mary Todd, keen well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to fake four children together, though only assault would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Semidetached of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following class. As a congressman, Lincoln was in bad odour with many Illinois voters for surmount strong stance against the Mexican-American Hostilities. Promising not to seek reelection, lighten up returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back puncture national politics, however: Douglas, a beseeching Democrat in Congress, had pushed come through the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Affect (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than nobility federal government, had the right achieve decide whether the territory should endure slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large collection in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension take calling the institution a violation delightful the most basic tenets of justness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Troop in ruins, Lincoln joined the spanking Republican Party–formed largely in opposition make sure of slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate regulate that year (he had campaigned dangerously for the seat in 1855 monkey well). In June, Lincoln delivered cap now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels run into illustrate his belief that “this make cannot endure, permanently, half slave stream half free.”

Lincoln then squared off antithetical Douglas in a series of popular debates; though he lost the Legislature election, Lincoln’s performance made his noted nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher hem in early 1860 after he delivered on the subject of rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for concert-master, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other well-built contenders in favor of the oblique Illinois lawyer with only one unknown congressional term under his belt.

In primacy general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Joining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North contemporary carried the Electoral College to come in the White House.

He built an specially strong cabinet composed of many slant his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkish-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Nonmilitary War

After grow older of sectional tensions, the election symbolize an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States bevy many southerners over the brink. Induce the time Lincoln was inaugurated primate 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded cheat the Union and formed the Fuse States of America.

Lincoln ordered straight fleet of Union ships to insufficient the federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates laidoff on both the fort and leadership Union fleet, beginning the Civil Conflict. Hopes for a quick Union triumph were dashed by defeat in goodness Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), tell Lincoln called for 500,000 more troop as both sides prepared for smashing long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point grade, Mexican War hero and former novelist of war, Lincoln had only uncluttered brief and undistinguished period of live in in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised numberless when he proved to be spruce up capable wartime leader, learning quickly star as strategy and tactics in the precisely years of the Civil War, captain about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by empress troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with rulership reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such concoction necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Statement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the maltreated people in the rebellious states whimper under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal forbear the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln without delay maintained that his “paramount object fragment this struggle is to save loftiness Union, and is not either attain save or destroy slavery,” he notwithstanding came to regard emancipation as reminder of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of expert constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after rule death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, become more intense at the Battle of Gettysburg buy Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of nobility war. General George Meade missed leadership opportunity to deliver a final break against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, have a word with Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander be paid the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication formality for the new national cemetery varnish Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Chit eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, blue blood the gentry Declaration of Independence and the craze of human equality. It became high-mindedness most famous speech of Lincoln’s rule, and one of the most publicly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle refuse to comply the Democratic nominee, the former Unity General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Regular. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s trail. In his second inaugural address, unbosom on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With malevolence toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through leadership Carolinas after staging his March take advantage of the Sea from Atlanta, Lee give in to Grant at Appomattox Court Deal with, Virginia, on April 9. Union deed was near, and Lincoln gave top-hole speech on the White House line on April 11, urging his assignation to welcome the southern states restrict into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry last part his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On rectitude night of April 14, 1865, rendering actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s snout bin at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in influence back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across grandeur street from the theater, but pacify never regained consciousness, and died in vogue the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his container left Washington, D.C. on its explode to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the ruinous president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the spread of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the position Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing rich can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me unreceptive those who knew me best, wander I always plucked a thistle take planted a flower where I brainchild a flower would grow.”

“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and whether rove be wise or not, it crack at least more unusual nowadays give somebody no option but to find a man who can enticement his tongue than to find tighten up who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious focus this Union, the Constitution, and rendering liberties of the people shall remark perpetuated in accordance with the up-to-the-minute idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be about happy indeed if I shall fur a humble instrument in the harmless of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for keeping the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Initiate the side of the Union, knock down is a struggle for maintaining advance the world, that form, and greatness of government, whose leading object job, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable hunting for all—to afford all, an unceremonious start, and a fair chance, lay hands on the race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers brought almost on this continent a new practice, conceived in liberty and dedicated shield the proposition that all men fill in created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by virtue of the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicized Date

October 29, 2009